{"id":5699,"date":"2020-02-20T07:51:24","date_gmt":"2020-02-20T12:51:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.charcoalproject.org\/?p=5699"},"modified":"2020-07-08T21:22:09","modified_gmt":"2020-07-08T21:22:09","slug":"clean-energy-companies-turn-to-bamboo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.charcoalproject.org\/fr\/clean-energy-companies-turn-to-bamboo\/","title":{"rendered":"Les entreprises d'\u00e9nergie propre se tournent vers le bambou"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les entreprises d'\u00e9nergie propre se tournent vers le bambou comme ressource renouvelable<\/h2>\n

L'utilisation du bois de chauffage est toujours r\u00e9pandue<\/h4>\n

Plus de 80% d'Africains subsahariens d\u00e9pendent encore du bois ou du charbon de bois pour les besoins \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques des m\u00e9nages. Une grande partie de la population n'a toujours pas acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des combustibles de cuisine modernes et abordables, comme l'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, le GPL ou l'\u00e9thanol. La d\u00e9pendance aux combustibles \u00e0 base de bois conduit \u00e0 la d\u00e9forestation et \u00e0 la d\u00e9gradation et contribue \u00e0 la pollution de l'air et aux probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 respiratoire.<\/p>\n

Mais de nombreuses entreprises d'\u00e9nergie propre tentent de changer cela en fabriquant du charbon de bois \u00e0 partir de sources alternatives qui n'impliquent pas l'abattage d'arbres. Les briquettes de charbon de bois peuvent \u00eatre fabriqu\u00e9es \u00e0 partir de nombreux types de flux de d\u00e9chets diff\u00e9rents, tels que les d\u00e9chets de cuisine, les d\u00e9chets agricoles ou la poussi\u00e8re de charbon de bois. Mais, pour avoir un produit vraiment durable, les mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res des briquettes doivent \u00eatre renouvelables.<\/p>\n

Entrer bambou<\/strong> dans l'\u00e9quation. Le bambou, cette plante indisciplin\u00e9e que beaucoup de gens regrettent d'avoir plant\u00e9e dans leur jardin, a une croissance rapide et rustique et peut \u00eatre cultiv\u00e9e dans un sol de mauvaise qualit\u00e9. Le bambou peut \u00eatre facilement rec\u00e9p\u00e9 (\u00e9lagu\u00e9) pour une utilisation apr\u00e8s 3 \u00e0 5 ans. Un arbre d'eucalyptus, d'autre part, qui est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement plant\u00e9 pour le bois, a besoin de 8 \u00e0 10 ans pour atteindre sa maturit\u00e9. Le bambou a de nombreuses utilisations en plus du combustible, notamment des poteaux de construction, des textiles et des produits culturels.<\/p>\n

Le bambou est \u00e0 croissance rapide et vraiment renouvelable<\/h4>\n
\"bamboo\"<\/a>
Divine Bamboo avec le personnel TCP et MIT D-Lab<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tel que rapport\u00e9 par Divin Nabaweesi<\/strong>, PDG de Bambou divin<\/a> en Ouganda, "Le plus grand avantage que nous voyons dans l'utilisation du bambou comme mati\u00e8re premi\u00e8re pour les combustibles de biomasse est qu'il est incroyablement durable\u00a0: c'est la plante ligneuse \u00e0 la croissance la plus rapide sur terre, elle est pr\u00eate \u00e0 \u00eatre r\u00e9colt\u00e9e en seulement 4 ans et se r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e8re chaque ann\u00e9e apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9colte. De plus, le bambou ne n\u00e9cessite pas de pesticides ou d'engrais pour pousser et le meilleur de tous est indig\u00e8ne dans de nombreuses r\u00e9gions d'Afrique, y compris l'Ouganda.<\/em><\/p>\n

Reconnaissant son travail important utilisant le bambou pour l'\u00e9nergie, Bambou divin<\/strong> a \u00e9t\u00e9 s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9 comme\u00a0Booster d'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l'\u00e9nergie<\/a> pour 2o2o. Le prix, parrain\u00e9 par\u00a0TOTAL, ENEA Consulting, Acumen<\/strong> et \u00c9nergie durable pour tous<\/strong>, fournit des fonds d'investissement et un soutien en mati\u00e8re de conseil aux laur\u00e9ats.<\/p>\n

\"Bamboo\"<\/a>
Hauteur de la\u00a0Goodfire<\/strong> bambou apr\u00e8s seulement 10 mois dans le sol.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

De nombreux producteurs de briquettes utilisent des d\u00e9chets du commerce du charbon de bois ou de la poussi\u00e8re de charbon dans leurs briquettes. La concurrence croissante pour ce flux de d\u00e9chets a pouss\u00e9 les producteurs \u00e0 chercher une alternative. Entrepreneur ougandais en \u00e9nergie propre, Virginie Ssemakula<\/strong> de Goodfire Ltd<\/a>., a r\u00e9cemment plant\u00e9 du bambou afin d'assurer une source constante de mati\u00e8re premi\u00e8re pour ses briquettes de biomasse. Virginia cultive \u00e9galement des eucalyptus. Malgr\u00e9 le fait que l'eucalyptus ait \u00e9t\u00e9 plant\u00e9 il y a plusieurs ann\u00e9es, le bambou sera pr\u00eat \u00e0 l'emploi beaucoup plus rapidement.<\/p>\n

Nouveau soutien aux producteurs de bambou<\/h4>\n

Les acteurs du d\u00e9veloppement international ainsi que les instances gouvernementales veulent exploiter la puissance du bambou. Le gouvernement ougandais a encourag\u00e9 les investissements dans le bambou et en 2019, a recommand\u00e9 que 290 milliards de shillings ougandais ($80 millions) soient mis de c\u00f4t\u00e9 pour promouvoir la croissance du bambou.\u00a0Dans cette nouvelle initiative<\/a>, le gouvernement cherche \u00e0 cr\u00e9er une alternative au bois de chauffe, mati\u00e8re premi\u00e8re pour la fabrication du papier, \u00e0 y augmenter le couvert forestier en luttant contre le changement climatique et aussi \u00e0 exporter les produits bruts et finis des arbres. L'initiative visera \u00e0 augmenter la couverture en bambou \u00e0 375 000 hectares au cours des 10 prochaines ann\u00e9es, ce qui devrait rapporter $200 millions de revenus.<\/p>\n

De nombreuses utilisations du bambou, y compris le carburant<\/h4>\n

Pour aider \u00e0 comprendre cette opportunit\u00e9 et inciter d'autres entreprises d'\u00e9nergie propre \u00e0 se tourner vers le bambou, Le projet de charbon de bois<\/strong> a r\u00e9cemment organis\u00e9 un atelier\/\u00e9v\u00e9nement de r\u00e9seautage pour les producteurs de briquettes de charbon en Ouganda. En plus d'autres intervenants, Flavia Munaaba<\/strong>\u00a0Nabugere<\/strong> de la Association ougandaise du bambou<\/a>\u00a0(UBA)<\/strong> a parl\u00e9 au groupe des avantages de la culture du bambou pour l'\u00e9nergie et d'autres utilisations. Selon Flavia, le march\u00e9 du bambou est vaste - d'une valeur de $60 milliards dans le monde - et le bambou a plus de 10 000 utilisations. Il existe 1 642 vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de bambou, dont 1 521 sont des esp\u00e8ces de bambou ligneux.<\/p>\n

\"Bamboo\"<\/a>
Le bambou \u00ab \u00e9hont\u00e9 \u00bb (Bambusa Vulugaris) est tr\u00e8s facile \u00e0 cultiver et g\u00e9n\u00e8re de nombreux semis sur le site de d\u00e9monstration de UBA.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le bambou est particuli\u00e8rement utile pour les besoins \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques car il peut \u00eatre br\u00fbl\u00e9 directement (comme le bois), transform\u00e9 en charbon de bois (en utilisant les tiges) ou transform\u00e9 en briquettes de charbon de bois (tiges et autres d\u00e9chets). Avec les fours appropri\u00e9s, d'autres sous-produits peuvent \u00eatre produits \u00e0 partir du processus de carbonisation, notamment du vinaigre de bois, du goudron et du m\u00e9thane pour le gaz de cuisson. Flavia a un site de d\u00e9monstration pour ces sous-produits et autres utilisations du bambou chez elle \u00e0 l'ext\u00e9rieur de Kampala, o\u00f9 UBA<\/strong> a son si\u00e8ge social.<\/p>\n

Outre les utilisations \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques, le bambou offre des activit\u00e9s g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrices de revenus, notamment la vente de semis, la construction de meubles, l'artisanat, les ustensiles et la vaisselle, les baguettes et les cure-dents, pour n'en nommer que quelques-unes. Une grande plante de bambou peut g\u00e9n\u00e9rer de nombreux semis en un an, qui peuvent \u00eatre vendus en Ouganda pour 2 500 \u00e0 5 000 shillings ougandais pi\u00e8ce.<\/p>\n

Le bambou att\u00e9nue les impacts du changement climatique<\/h4>\n

Le bambou peut att\u00e9nuer les impacts du changement climatique en am\u00e9liorant les sols d\u00e9grad\u00e9s, en r\u00e9duisant l'\u00e9rosion des berges des rivi\u00e8res et d'autres terres d\u00e9grad\u00e9es et en s\u00e9questrant le carbone.<\/p>\n

\"Bamboo\"<\/a>
Flavia Munaaba Nabugere \u2013 Association ougandaise du bambou (avec Dendrocalamus Giganteus)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le bambou est extr\u00eamement utile pour s\u00e9questrer le carbone, en raison de ses multiples pousses et de sa croissance dense. Il produit \u00e9galement 35% plus d'oxyg\u00e8ne que les autres arbres. Le bambou s\u00e9questre 53,22 tonnes de CO2 par hectare et par an contre 11,8 tonnes pour le pin et 8-10 tonnes pour l'eucalyptus, selon UBA<\/strong>. Parce que la plupart des esp\u00e8ces de bambou sont si rustiques, la plantation sur des terres d\u00e9grad\u00e9es produit le double impact de la r\u00e9habilitation du sol et de la s\u00e9questration du carbone. Cela \u00e9vite \u00e9galement la concurrence avec la nourriture pour les rares terres arables.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 Le projet de charbon de bois<\/strong>, \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 toutes les possibilit\u00e9s d'utilisation du bambou comme combustible et pour s\u00e9questrer le carbone, nous sommes tr\u00e8s enthousiastes \u00e0 l'id\u00e9e que le bambou soit une mati\u00e8re premi\u00e8re durable pour les producteurs de briquettes de charbon de bois et aimerions voir davantage d'entreprises d'\u00e9nergie propre se tourner vers le bambou. Restez \u00e0 l'\u00e9coute pendant que nous suivons cette tendance et rendons compte des efforts des producteurs utilisant le bambou comme mati\u00e8re premi\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

Pour la vid\u00e9o compl\u00e8te de pr\u00e9sentation de la pr\u00e9sentation par Flavia Munaabe Nabugere, Cliquez ici pour afficher<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"Bamboo<\/a>
Semis de bambou (Bambusa Longinternode)<\/figcaption><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Clean Energy Companies Turn to Bamboo as a Renewable Resource Use of Wood Fuel is Still Prevalent Over 80% of sub-Saharan Africans are still relying on wood or wood charcoal for household energy needs. A large swath of the population still lack access to affordable modern cooking fuels, like electricity, LPG or ethanol. Dependence on […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7574,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"give_campaign_id":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[230,245,257],"class_list":["post-5699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-briquettes","tag-charcoal","tag-feedstock"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nClean Energy Companies Turn to Bamboo - 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